While both terms imply working for oneself, "self-employed" is a broader term that includes business owners and entrepreneurs, while "independent contractor" refers to someone providing services under a contract without being an employee.
For personal residences, most home improvements like swimming pools, landscaping, and room additions are not tax-deductible. However, they might increase the home's cost basis, reducing potential capital gains tax when selling.
Yes, homeowners can do their own plumbing in their residence, but there may be restrictions, and permits are often required.
No, new flooring is considered a capital improvement and cannot be written off in the year of expense. However, it can add to your home's basis.